Chinese games and Mahjong
Board games are popular across Asia, with the like of “Go,” “Shogi” and Chinese Chess traditional favourites.
Go
Go (“weiqi” in China and “baduk” in Korea) originated in China some 2,500 years ago and has many millions of worldwide players. Gameplay involves 2 players alternately placing white and black stones on a 19 x 19 grid, each attempting to control a larger section of the board. Go is popular since despite its simple rules, it calls for a balance between attacking and defensive strategies in order to succeed.
Shogi (Japanese Chess)
Shogi, which originated in 8th-century Korea, is similar to western chess, but has no Queen and extra pieces, namely the Lance and Silver / Gold Generals. Any piece (rather than just pawns) reaching the enemy camp is promoted and the unique ability to return captured pieces to the game board ensures that draws are rare.
Chinese Chess
The Chinese version features some intriguing variations to the western game, including an Imperial Palace and a river.
However, Mahjong is by far the most popular Asian board game.
Mahjong
Originally from China, Mahjong has millions of players throughout Asia. Generally a 4-player game (although 3-player versions exist in Japan and Korea) Mahjong requires a skillful, strategic approach, along with a good slice of luck. It is based around a set of 144 tiles, bearing Chinese characters and symbols. In most types of Mahjong, players initially receive 13 tiles, taking turns to draw and discard tiles until completing four, permitted, 3-tile groups (melds), along with a pair (head). However, although the rules of the game are very similar across its many variants, there are numerous regional differences in rules pertaining to scoring systems and minimum winning hands.
Origins of Mahjong
There has been much debate regarding the creation of the game. Chinese philosopher, Confucius, has been claimed to have developed Mahjong as early as 500 BC, although the lack of evidence relating to the existence of Mahjong prior to the 19th- century Taiping era consigns the Confucius theory to the ranks of myths and legends. Some theorists believe Mahjong to have been created by a pair of brothers from the ancient Chinese city of Ningpo, in the mid 1800s, the game being based on the earlier Ming dynasty Chinese card game known as Madiao. Others have proposed that the game was created as a pastime by Chinese army officers during the Taiping Rebellion of 1850-1864.
The Communist government of the People`s Republic of China, which came to power in 1949, viewed gambling as a symbol of capitalist corruption. Mahjong, a popular gambling game, was banned by the government. However, the game (without any element of gambling) was reintroduced following the Chinese Cultural Revolution (1966-1976), with gambling restrictions removed in 1985.
Today, Mahjong is a favourite pastime across Asia and has successfully made the transition to the Western world, especially the United States. Playing Mahjong online has become increasingly popular and could quite possibly exceed the popularity of online poker in the future.